From Natural Endowment to Institutional Compliance: Prioritizing Strategic Factors for Vietnam’s Tuna Industry Using SWOT-AHP
Copyright © 2026 Long Duc Nguyen, Thanh Thi Mai Tran, Tan Hoang Dau, Anh Minh Do, Thuy Thi Hong Le, Huyen Phuong Nguyen, Trang Thi Huyen Nguyen. Published by Nan Yang Academy of Sciences Pte. Ltd.
This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.
Abstract
Under the tightening constraints of European Union IUU regulations and global value chain (GVC) standards, this study investigates the structural determinants of the performance disparity in Vietnam's tuna industry. Integrating the resource-based view (RBV) with a hybrid SWOT-AHP framework, the research analyzes strategic priorities based on a purposive sample of 15 experts, comprising national policymakers and local practitioners in Phu Yen province. This dual-level approach specifically diagnoses the operational gap between central legislative mandates and local implementation realities. Empirical results indicate a defensive strategic posture, with Weaknesses and Threats collectively accounting for 54.3% of the total strategic weight. A defining structural bottleneck is the “IUU-enforcement nexus” (GWNexus = 0.1609), which aggregates external regulatory pressure (T11) and internal monitoring deficits (W15). Crucially, the dominance of this compliance burden is confirmed by the fact that its intensity is more than three times higher than the industry's leading strength (S12, GW = 0.04885). These findings confirm a fundamental paradigm shift: industry competitiveness is no longer driven by factor endowments but by institutional compliance capacity. Consequently, the study concludes that sustainable growth requires transcending mere legal enactment to focus on bridging the policy-practice divide through digital enforcement infrastructure and synchronized local resource investment.
Keywords: Tuna Export Competitiveness, SWOT-AHP (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats–Analytical Hierarchy Process), Vietnam Fisheries, IUU Fishing (Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing), Institutional Compliance
References
[1] European Union, 2025. The EU Blue Economy Report 2025. European Union: Brussels, Belgium. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2771/2333701
[2] Gephart, J.A., 2019. Global Seafood Trade. In Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability. Elsevier: New York, NY, USA. pp. 93–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100596-5.21973-2
[3] Han, K., Lee, D., Kim, M., et al., 2025. An empirical analysis of competitive advantage in global seafood exports: A case of five countries. Fisheries Science. 91(3), 641–654. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-025-01859-5
[4] Hanh, V.T.B., 2025. Supporting Fishermen’s Participation in Safeguarding Maritime and Island Sovereignty: International Experience and Reference Value for Vietnam. Available from: https://www.quanlynhanuoc.vn/2025/09/23/ho-tro-ngu-dan-tham-gia-bao-ve-chu-quyen-bien-dao-kinh-nghiem-quoc-te-va-gia-tri-tham-khao-cho-viet-nam/ (cited 11 December 2025). (in Vietnamese)
[5] Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers, 2024. Overview of the tuna industry. Available from: https://vasep.com.vn/san-pham-xuat-khau/ca-ngu/tong-quan-nganh-ca-ngu (cited 7 December 2025). (in Vietnamese)
[6] Nguyen, M.T., Khoa, B.T., 2020. Improving the Competitiveness of Exporting Enterprises: A Case of Kien Giang Province in Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business. 7(6), 495–508. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO6.495
[7] Vigfússon, K., Jóhannsdóttir, L., Ólafsson, S., et al., 2025. Integrating resource-based and market-based views in the fisheries industry—CEO perspectives. Marine Policy. 171, 106454. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106454
[8] Phu Yen Online, 2021. To promote the Phu Yen ocean tuna brand to reach further. Available from: https://phuyen.baodaklak.vn/82/75162/de-thuong-hieu-ca-ngu-dai-duong-phu-yen-vuon-xa.html (cited 10 December 2025). (in Vietnamese)
[9] Akintola, S.L., Fakoya, K.A., Elegbede, I.O., et al., 2022. Postharvest Practices in Small-Scale Fisheries. In Sustainable Fish Production and Processing. Elsevier: New York, NY, USA. pp. 79–110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824296-4.00008-6
[10] Kuldilok, K.S., 2009. An Economic Analysis of the Thailand Tuna Fish Industry [PhD Thesis]. Newcastle University: Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Available from: https://www.academia.edu/10404415/AN_ECONOMIC_ANALYSIS_OF_THE_THAILAND_TUNA_FISH_INDUSTRY_BY_KULAPA_SUPONGPAN_KULDILOK_A_thesis_submitted_to_the_Newcastle_University_for_the_degree_of_DOCTOR_OF_PHILOSOPHY_School_of_Agriculture_Food_and_Rural_Development
[11] He, J., 2017. The EU Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing Regulation Based on Trade and Market-Related Measures: Unilateralism or a Model Law? Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy. 20(2), 168–197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2017.1346351
[12] Kadfak, A., Linke, S., 2021. More than just a carding system: Labour implications of the EU’s illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing policy in Thailand. Marine Policy. 127, 104445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104445
[13] Miller, A.M.M., Bush, S.R., Mol, A.P.J., 2014. Power Europe: EU and the illegal, unreported and unregulated tuna fisheries regulation in the West and Central Pacific Ocean. Marine Policy. 45, 138–145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.12.009
[14] Kim, D.E., Lim, S.S., 2024. Economic impacts of the European Union carding system on global fish trade. Marine Policy. 165, 106208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106208
[15] Minh Phuong, N.T., Xuan Dong, N., 2025. The EU-VIET NAM FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (EVFTA): How to Get the ‘Yellow Card’ Lifted for Vietnamese Seafood Export? Journal of World Trade. 59(5), 905–924. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54648/TRAD2025045
[16] Nhan Dan Newspaper, 2024. Need to rectify the issuance of certificates confirming origin of exploited seafood materials. Available from: https://nhandan.vn/can-chan-chinh-cap-giay-xac-nhan-nguyen-lieu-thuy-san-khai-thac-post849107.html (cited 6 December 2025). (in Vietnamese)
[17] Nhan Dan Newspaper, 2026. Strong decentralization, reduced procedures, and institutional bottleneck removal. Available from: https://nhandan.vn/phan-cap-manh-giam-thu-tuc-thao-go-diem-nghen-the-che-post935523.html (cited 10 January 2026). (in Vietnamese)
[18] Business Forum Magazine, 2025. Seven groups of recommendations to remove bottlenecks for seafood industry enterprises. Available from: https://diendandoanhnghiep.vn/7-nhom-kien-nghi-go-diem-nghen-cho-doanh-nghiep-nganh-thuy-san-10158558.html (cited 11 December 2025). (in Vietnamese)
[19] Vietnam Rural Magazine, 2025. Year-end tax hurdles causing Vietnam’s seafood exports to stall, forecasting sharp declines. Available from: https://nongthonviet.com.vn/diem-nghen-cuoi-nam-thue-doi-ung-khien-xuat-khau-thuy-san-viet-nam-chung-lai-du-bao-suy-giam-manh-691190a1172bed3d5dc10fa3.ngn (cited 17 November 2025). (in Vietnamese)
[20] Helms, M.M., Nixon, J., 2010. Exploring SWOT analysis—Where are we now: A review of academic research from the last decade. Journal of Strategy and Management. 3(3), 215–251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17554251011064837
[21] Kangas, J., Kajanus, M., Leskinen, P., et al., 2016. Incorporating MCDS and voting into SWOT: Basic idea and experiences. Serbian Journal of Management. 11(1), 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/sjm11-9661
[22] VOV, 2024. Ocean tuna catch volume and prices remain low, Phu Yen fishermen face difficulties. Available from: https://vov.vn/kinh-te/san-luong-khai-thac-va-gia-ca-ngu-dai-duong-deu-thap-ngu-dan-phu-yen-gap-kho-post1128809.vov (cited 3 December 2025). (in Vietnamese)
[23] Business and Integration Magazine, 2026. Removing bottlenecks, Vietnam’s seafood sector accelerates in the new phase. Available from: https://doanhnghiephoinhap.vn/go-diem-nghen-thuy-san-viet-nam-tang-toc-trong-giai-doan-moi-125867.html (cited 21 January 2026). (in Vietnamese)
[24] Bohtan, A., Vrat, P., Vij, A.K., 2017. Supply chain of the Indian public distribution system: A new paradigm. Journal of Advances in Management Research. 14(1), 110–123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JAMR-09-2015-0065
[25] Tavana, M., Soltanifar, M., Santos-Arteaga, F.J., 2023. Analytical hierarchy process: Revolution and evolution. Annals of Operations Research. 326(2), 879–907. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04432-2
[26] Ricardo, D., 1817. On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. John Murray: London, UK.
[27] Bohra, D.B., Supriya, S., Gautam, S., et al., 2024. Analysis of the comparative advantages: Fish export market in India. Journal of Experimental Zoology India. 27(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.51470/JEZ.2024.27.1.549
[28] Yulisti, M., Sri Luhur, E., Yulia Arthatiani, F., et al., 2021. Competitiveness analysis of Indonesian seaweeds in global market. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 860(1), 012061. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/860/1/012061
[29] Ali, E., Elahi, E., Shahriar, S., et al., 2025. Does government intervention promote export competitiveness? An empirical case study of Bangladesh seafood exports. Aquaculture Economics & Management. 29(3), 323–343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2024.2387705
[30] Barney, J., 1991. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management. 17(1), 99–120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
[31] Saytari, M.B., Saab, A.E., Haidar, C.G., et al., 2024. New Product Development: A Blended Approach of RBV and DCT. In: Bakhit, W., El Nemar, S. (Eds.). Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage. IGI Global: New York, NY, USA. pp. 163–188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-5360-8.ch007
[32] Rianawati, A., Kresna Darmasetiawan, N., Susilo Hadi, F., et al., 2024. Enhancement of Indonesia’s blue economy sector through innovation and competitive advantage based on Resource-Based View theory. Problems and Perspectives in Management. 22(2), 165–181. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.22(2).2024.14
[33] Yusuf, M., Sukesti, F., Puspita, N., et al., 2024. Innovation to Achieve Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Processed Fishery Products Sector in Central Java. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries. 28(6), 519–531. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2024.392256
[34] Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 2023. ASEAN Blue Economy Framework. ASEAN: Jakarta, Indonesia. Available from: https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ASEAN-Blue-Economy-Framework.pdf
[35] Chunthasiri, Y., Carr, S.C., Young-Hauser, A.M., et al., 2023. Sustaining Thailand’s Seafood Processing Sector: Workforce Development. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies. 23(1), 220–234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14456/HASSS.2023.20
[36] Hassan, S., Mei, T.S., Johari, H., 2017. Human capital, operational capabilities and organizational performance: A proposed conceptual framework. International Journal of Economic Research. 14(15), 335–341. Available from: https://serialsjournals.com/abstract/87904_28.pdf
[37] Progoulaki, M., Theotokas, I., 2010. Human resource management and competitive advantage: An application of resource-based view in the shipping industry. Marine Policy. 34(3), 575–582. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2009.11.004
[38] Nauen, C.E., Boschetti, S.T., 2022. Fisheries Crimes, Poverty and Food Insecurity. In Routledge Handbook of Maritime Security. Routledge: London, UK. pp. 239–249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003001324-23
[39] Petrossian, G.A., Pezzella, F.S., 2018. IUU Fishing and Seafood Fraud: Using Crime Script Analysis to Inform Intervention. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 679(1), 121–139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716218784533
[40] Song, A.M., Scholtens, J., Barclay, K., et al., 2020. Collateral damage? Small‐scale fisheries in the global fight against IUU fishing. Fish and Fisheries. 21(4), 831–843. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12462
[41] Bennett, N.J., Blythe, J., White, C.S., et al., 2021. Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy. Marine Policy. 125, 104387. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104387
[42] Naiki, Y., Rakpong, J., 2022. EU–Third Country Dialogue on IUU Fishing: The Transformation of Thailand’s Fisheries Laws. Transnational Environmental Law. 11(3), 629–653. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2047102522000206
[43] Kadfak, A., 2023. How is Unilateral Trade-Based Policy Adopted and Integrated from the Perspective of Receiving Countries? Applying EU IUU Regulation in Thailand. In EU Trade-Related Measures against Illegal Fishing. Routledge: London, UK. pp. 19–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003296379-2
[44] Tavornmas, A., Cheeppensook, K., 2020. Shaping ocean governance: A study of EU normative power on Thailand’s sustainable fisheries. International Economics and Economic Policy. 17(3), 671–685. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-020-00475-1
[45] Muirhead, J., Porter, T., 2019. Traceability in global governance. Global Networks. 19(3), 423–443. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/glob.12237
[46] Phuong, T.V., Pomeroy, R.S., 2023. Addressing Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing of Vietnamese Fishing Vessels in Foreign Waters. Asian Fisheries Science. 36(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.33997/j.afs.2023.36.1.003
[47] Phuong, T.V., Hang, D.T., 2023. Effectiveness of vessel monitoring systems in managing and monitoring fishing vessels in Ca Mau province, Vietnam. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 1278(1), 012009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1278/1/012009
[48] Van Tuijl, E., Intriago Zambrano, J.C., Knorringa, P., 2024. Digitalization, Frugal Innovation, and Sustainable Development in the Global South: Opportunities and Challenges of a Frugal Smart Water Pump. In: Ertz, M., Tandon, U., Sun, S., et al. (Eds.). The Palgrave Handbook of Sustainable Digitalization for Business, Industry, and Society. Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland. pp. 63–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-58795-5_4
[49] Trimurni, F., Ginting, W.O., Lumbanraja, V., et al., 2025. Enhancing Marine Surveillance Governance: The Strategic Role of the Marine and Fisheries Resources Surveillance Unit in Combating Illegal Fishing in Sibolga Waters. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 20(9), 3907–3916. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.200921
[50] Thu, N.D.H., Quyen, C.L., Hang, L.T.M., et al., 2021. Market Structure and Market Performance of Tuna Value Chain: A Case Study of Yellowfin Tuna and Bigeye Tuna Value Chain in Three South Central Provinces of Vietnam. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues. 11(6), 94–113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.11911
[51] Nasution, A.M., Nugraheni, R.D., Atmaja, N.N., 2023. Traceability schemes and supply chains of tuna fisheries in Indonesian fishing ports: Case study of Bitung Ocean Fishing Port and Pondok Dadap Beach Fishing Port, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux. 16(4). Available from: https://bioflux.com.ro/docs/2023.1985-2001.pdf
[52] Gleadall, I., Barkai, A., Lajbner, Z., et al., 2024. Sustainable seafood: Advances in traceability, assessment, monitoring and resource management. African Journal of Marine Science. 46(4), 239–245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2024.2425709
[53] Konstantopoulou, Z., Mikalef, P., 2024. Enhancing Traceability in the Norwegian Fish Supply Chain: Blockchain Adoption. In: Van De Wetering, R., Helms, R., Roelens, B., et al. (Eds.). Disruptive Innovation in a Digitally Connected Healthy World, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature: Cham, Switzerland. pp. 383–393. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72234-9_32
[54] Kumar, S., Raut, R.D., Agrawal, N., et al., 2022. Integrated blockchain and internet of things in the food supply chain: Adoption barriers. Technovation. 118, 102589. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2022.102589
[55] Romdhane, S.F., Zhang, K., De Santa-Eulalia, L.A., 2025. Towards Efficient and Fine-Grained Traceability for a Live Lobster Supply Chain using Blockchain Technology. Procedia Computer Science. 253, 612–625. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.01.123
[56] Wang, S., Wei, Z., Yin, B., et al., 2016. A research of key technology used in seafood traceability. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference of Online Analysis and Computing Science (ICOACS), Chongqing, China, 28–29 May 2016; pp. 265–268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOACS.2016.7563093
[57] Yap, T.L., Nayak, R., Vu, N.T.H., et al., 2025. Adopting blockchain-based traceability in the fruit supply chain in a developing economy: facilitators and barriers. Information Technology & People. 38(1), 419–441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-02-2023-0168
[58] Khan, S., Singh, R., Khan, S., et al., 2023. Unearthing the barriers of Internet of Things adoption in food supply chain: A developing country perspective. Green Technologies and Sustainability. 1(2), 100023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.grets.2023.100023
[59] Singh, S.K., Singh, A., Jenamani, M., et al., 2024. Analyzing barriers of integrated RFID-blockchain adoption in the Indian public distribution systems. Journal of Enterprise Information Management. 37(2), 355–380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-08-2022-0286
[60] Tewera, D., Zhou, M., Gavai, P.V., 2024. Enhancing IoT Security for Socio-Economic Development in the Mirror of Challenges, Emerging Technologies, and Holistic Solutions. In Proceedings of the 2024 3rd Zimbabwe Conference of Information and Communication Technologies (ZCICT), Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, 28 November 2024; pp. 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ZCICT63770.2024.10958428
[61] Asian Development Bank, 2022. Financing the Blue Economy: Investments in Sustainable Blue Small–Medium Enterprises and Projects in Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank: Metro Manila, Philippines. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22617/TCS220281-2
[62] Mogashane, C., Loki, O., Mazwane, S., 2025. Farmer’s Perception and Adoption of Digital Technologies as Information Sources for Farming Activities in the City of Tshwane, Gauteng. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension (SAJAE). 53(3), 137–159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3221/2025/v53n3a19230
[63] Nxumalo, G.S., Chauke, H., 2025. Challenges and opportunities in smallholder agriculture digitization in South Africa. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 9, 1583224. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1583224
[64] Tahsin, R., Rantu, S.B.A., Rahman, M., et al., 2025. Towards the adoption of AI, IoT, and Blockchain technologies in Bangladesh’s maritime industry: Challenges and insights. Results in Engineering. 25, 103825. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103825
[65] Emdad Haque, C., Julián Idrobo, C., Berkes, F., et al., 2015. Small-scale fishers’ adaptations to change: The role of formal and informal credit in Paraty, Brazil. Marine Policy. 51, 401–407. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.10.002
[66] Ndhlovu, E., Mhlanga, D., 2023. Smart Technologies, Climate Change, and Smallholder Farmer Production in Zimbabwe. In: Mhlanga, D., Ndhlovu, E. (Eds.). The Fourth Industrial Revolution in Africa, Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development. Springer Nature: Cham, Switzerland. pp. 293–309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28686-5_15
[67] Yi, D., Reardon, T., Stringer, R., 2018. Shrimp aquaculture technology change in Indonesia: Are small farmers included? Aquaculture. 493, 436–445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.11.003
[68] Zaerpour, N., Rabbani, M., Gharehgozli, A.H., et al., 2008. Make-to-order or make-to-stock decision by a novel hybrid approach. Advanced Engineering Informatics. 22(2), 186–201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2007.10.002
[69] Pamučar, D., 2015. Development of an integrated transport system in distribution centres: a FA’WOT analysis. Tehnicki vjesnik-Technical Gazette. 22(3), 649–658. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17559/TV-20140205170207
[70] Molist, A.M., Kallas, Z., Guadarrama Fuentes, O.V., 2024. Assessing the Downstream and Upstream Preferences of Stakeholders for Sustainability Attributes in the Tomato Value Chain. Sustainability. 16(6), 2505. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16062505
[71] Previti, A., Biondi, V., Sicuso, D.A., et al., 2025. A systematic literature review on integrated livestock systems using machine learning methods: strengths and future directions from an animal welfare perspective within the “one health” approach. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety. 20(2), 117–127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00003-025-01553-9
[72] Hordijk, A., Jonkers, I., 2012. Strategic improvement options in fishery supply chains. Journal of Integral Theory and Practice. 7(3), 70–91. Available from: https://spiraldynamicsintegral.nl/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Strategic-improvement-options-in-fishery-supply-chains-Hordijk-Jonkers-1209.pdf
[73] Wang, C.-N., Nguyen, V.T., Kao, J.-C., et al., 2021. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods in Fuzzy Decision Problems: A Case Study in the Frozen Shrimp Industry. Symmetry. 13(3), 370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13030370
[74] Porter, M.E., 1990. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. Free Press: New York, NY, USA.
[75] Balassa, B., 1965. Trade Liberalisation and “Revealed” Comparative Advantage. The Manchester School. 33(2), 99–123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1965.tb00050.x
[76] Saaty, T.L., 1998. Multicriteria decision making: The analytic hierarchy process: Planning, priority setting, resource allocation. In The Analytic Hierarchy Process Series. McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, USA.
[77] Cheng, E.W.L., Li, H., 2002. Construction Partnering Process and Associated Critical Success Factors: Quantitative Investigation. Journal of Management in Engineering. 18(4), 194–202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(2002)18:4(194)
[78] KhoshimjonUrinbaevich, X., Avazxonovna, I.N., Ravshanjonovna, K.K., 2022. Ensuring the competitiveness of national companies and the factors influencing it. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences. 11(4), 76–84. Available from: https://garph.co.uk/IJARMSS/Apr2022/G-7.pd
[79] Gereffi, G., Fernandez-Stark, K., 2016. Global Value Chain Analysis: A Primer, 2nd ed. Duke CGGC: Durham, NC, USA.
[80] Trenggono, S.W., Meilano, I., Latief, H., et al., 2025. Innovation in the blue economy and environmental sustainability in marine and fisheries strategy. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management. 11(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22034/gjesm.2025.02.08
[81] Wirajing, M.A.K., Nanfosso, R.T., 2025. Establishing a sustainable fishing industry: The role of environmental stringency, fishery training and education infrastructure in the Maritime Cameroon. Marine Policy. 178, 106730. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106730
[82] Bergin, A., Haward, M.G., 1996. Japan's Tuna Fishing Industry: A Setting Sun or New Dawn? Nova Science Publishers: New York, NY, USA.
[83] Kawamoto, T., 2016. Tuna market in Japan: Challenges and prospects. INFOFISH International: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. pp. 8–13. Available from: https://www.srilankabusiness.com/pdf/seafood_article.pdf
[84] Lailossa, G.W., 2015. The new paradigm of cold chain management systems and its logistics on Tuna fishery sector in Indonesia. AACL Bioflux. 8(3), 381–389. Available from: https://bioflux.com.ro/docs/2015.381-389.pdf
[85] Sistani, M.A., Adeli, A., Mira, S.A., 2021. A value chain analysis on tuna and tuna-like species in Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences. 20(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22092/ijfs.2021.123508
[86] Okubo, A., Ishii, A., 2023. Pursuing sustainability? Ecosystem considerations in Japan’s fisheries governance. Marine Policy. 152, 105603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105603
[87] Diana, J.S., 2009. Considering sustainability in seafood and other food products. Resource: Engineering and Technology for Sustainable World. 16(7), 10–13. Available from: https://asabe.org/portals/0/apubs/resource/pdf/resource16-07octnov2009.pdf
[88] Ignatov, A., 2020. The Digital Economy of BRICS: Prospects for Multilateral Cooperation. International Organisations Research Journal. 15(1), 31–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2020-01-02